Choosing the right diet for your Doberman is a crucial decision that impacts their health, longevity, and overall well-being. Dobermans, with their muscular build and high energy levels, have specific nutritional needs that must be met through a well-planned diet. This article explores various feeding options, from commercial kibble to raw and homemade diets, providing insights to help you make the best choice for your canine companion.
A Historical Perspective on Dog Food
In Eastern Europe during the 1980s and early 1990s, commercial dog food was scarce. Dogs were typically fed table scraps or homemade meals. The introduction of affordable commercial dog food in the late 1990s marked a significant shift. While imported kibble was initially expensive, many dog owners prioritized it for their pets' health. Local, more affordable kibble brands soon emerged, but the quality was often compromised, leading to tragic health consequences for many dogs.
Today, the debate over the best dog food continues, with breeders and dog sport enthusiasts often favoring raw or homemade diets, while many pet owners opt for the convenience of kibble. This difference often stems from a greater emphasis on canine health and longevity among those deeply involved in dog breeding and sports.
Understanding Commercial Kibble
Commercial dog food is a multi-billion dollar industry. Concerns exist about the quality and long-term effects of some kibble formulations. Some manufacturers prioritize cost-effectiveness over high-quality ingredients, potentially leading to health issues over time.
Kibble Regulations in the US
US regulations for dog food primarily focus on immediate toxicity. Unless a dog dies shortly after consuming a particular food, it is generally approved for sale. This approach may not adequately address the long-term effects of kibble on canine health, as many diseases develop over years. Therefore, it is important to choose kibble brands carefully, considering factors beyond just regulatory approval.
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Selecting the Right Kibble
When choosing a kibble, consider the following:
- Boutique Pet Stores: Look for brands available at boutique pet stores, which often carry higher-quality options.
- Recall History: Ensure the brand has no history of food recalls.
- Customer Reviews: Read online customer reviews to gauge the experiences of other dog owners.
- Ingredient List: Pay close attention to the ingredient list, prioritizing whole, recognizable foods.
- Limited Protein: Consider limiting protein content, especially if your dog has allergies.
Recommended Kibble Brands
Due to concerns about US regulations, some owners opt for brands manufactured outside the US. Canadian brands like Orijen and Acana, produced by Champion Petfoods, are highly regarded. These brands use local, fresh ingredients that meet human consumption standards and maintain high quality control.
Fromm is another recommended brand.
Purina Pro Plan
Purina Pro Plan is often recommended due to its cost-effectiveness, convenience, and well-tested nutrient balance. Specifically, Purina Pro Plan Sport 30/20 is mentioned, although reviews may vary. Purina Pro Plan Focus is also suggested for adult Dobermans, as well as a chicken and rice formula.
Ollie Dog Food Service
Ollie is a fresh food delivery service that provides veterinarian-formulated, custom-made meals for dogs. While more expensive than kibble, it offers high-quality, human-grade ingredients.
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The Appeal of Canned Food
Canned dog food can be a good alternative for those who want to feed their dogs with high-quality food but are concerned about feeding raw or don't have time to cook.
Choosing the Right Canned Food
In addition to the criteria listed above for kibble, when choosing canned food, make sure it doesn't contain Carrageenan, Guar Gum, and other ingredients that are not normal food. Canned food should only contain food and some kind of preservative.
Recommended Canned Food Brands
Evanger’s Grain-Free Hand Packed Braised Beef Chunks with Gravy is a recommended option.
Homemade Diets: A Labor of Love
Cooking for your dog allows for complete control over ingredients and can be a healthier alternative to commercial foods.
Resources for Homemade Dog Food
Refer to homemade dog food blogs and recipes from veterinarians like Dr. Karen Becker for guidance.
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A Sample Homemade Recipe
A simple homemade recipe involves boiling beef shank and femur bones for 5-6 hours with a bit of vinegar to extract minerals. Then, add potatoes and spaghetti for carbohydrates, followed by meat and various vegetables.
A detailed recipe includes:
- 14 lb of lean meat (no fat)
- 1 cup of oats to soak up extra liquid
- 1 bag of pasta (or rice, or potatoes) for carbs
- Various slightly cooked vegetables (broccoli, spinach, cauliflower, pumpkin, squash, green beans)
- Berries (added at the end, not boiled)
- Gullets (cooked and added for cartilage)
This recipe yields approximately 56 lb of food for two Dobermans for a week.
Considerations for Homemade Diets
When feeding a homemade diet, ensure it meets your dog's nutritional needs, especially if they are highly active. Adjust the recipe to maintain an ideal weight and body condition.
Raw Diets: Embracing Ancestral Nutrition
Many believe that raw diets are the most natural and beneficial for dogs.
Benefits of Raw Feeding
Raw diets can lead to improved energy levels, coat condition, teeth health, and the ability to gain weight.
Guidelines for Raw Feeding
Research proper raw feeding practices, including appropriate proportions and food safety. Monitor your dog's health and adjust the diet as needed. Start with general online guidelines, but customize them to your dog's specific needs.
A Sample Raw Diet
A simple raw diet recipe for a 83-pound active male Doberman includes:
- 1 lb of mixed raw meat twice a day
- 1 cup of The Honest Kitchen Preference mix (dehydrated fruits and vegetables) twice a day
- Raw fish, liver, and bones throughout the week
Sourcing Raw Food
Excel Pet Pantry is a recommended source for raw meats, organs, and bones in Northern California. Fruits and vegetables can be purchased from local stores and blended into the meals.
Feeding Schedules and Quantities
Factors Influencing Food Intake
The amount of food a Doberman needs varies based on age, size, activity level, spayed or neutered status, and the specific food being fed.
General Guidelines
Most adult Dobermans consume between 4 and 7 cups of dry dog food per day. Puppies, pregnant females, and active dogs may require more.
Feeding Chart Example
The following chart provides a general guideline for daily food intake:
- 51 - 75 lbs: 3 - 3 2/3 Cups
- 76 - 100 lbs: 3 2/3 - 4 1/2 Cups
- Over 100 lbs: 4 1/2 + 1/4 Cup for each 10 lbs body weight over 100 lbs
This chart is based on a food containing approximately 396 calories per cup.
Feeding Frequency
Feed adult Dobermans two meals a day. Puppies may need three meals until they are 12-16 weeks old. Avoid free-feeding to reduce the risk of bloat and make it easier to monitor food intake.
Monitoring Body Condition
A Doberman should have a visible waist tuck and slender gut area. The last two ribs should be visible when playing or running. Adjust food portions based on these indicators.
Addressing Specific Health Concerns
Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus)
Bloat is a life-threatening condition where the stomach fills with gas and twists.
Prevention Tips:
- Limit physical exercise one hour before and after eating.
- Use slow-feed bowls to prevent fast eating.
- Ensure fresh water is always available.
- Feed smaller meals more frequently.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)
DCM is an enlarged heart, potentially linked to grain-free diets in some cases.
Prevention Tips:
- Choose high-quality dog food that contains grains.
- Consider DNA testing to assess your Doberman's risk factors.
Additional Feeding Tips
Feeding Separately
Feed Dobermans separately from other dogs to prevent food aggression.
Addressing Constant Hunger
If your Doberman is always hungry, it may indicate poor nutrient absorption or digestive issues. Consult with your veterinarian to rule out underlying health problems.
Slowing Down Fast Eaters
Use slow-feed bowls or maze bowls to slow down fast eaters.
The Role of Protein
While protein is essential, excessive protein can be detrimental for less active dogs. Adjust protein levels based on your dog's activity level and overall health.
Supplements
Consider adding supplements like fish oil and Vitamin C to your Doberman's diet. Fish oil supports overall health, while Vitamin C boosts the immune system and aids in food assimilation.
Making Dietary Changes
Introduce new foods gradually to avoid digestive upset. If you're bringing home a new Doberman, maintain their previous diet for a few days to minimize stress.