Castor oil, derived from castor beans indigenous to India, Africa, and the Middle East, has a long history of medicinal, beauty, and industrial applications. While it has been used for thousands of years, its recent promotion on social media as a weight loss aid, particularly when applied to the belly button, warrants a closer look.
What is Navel Pulling?
Navel pulling, or applying castor oil to the belly button, often involves rubbing warmed oil on the area or using a castor oil pack - a cloth soaked in castor oil. This practice originates in Ayurvedic medicine and is believed to promote relaxation and support overall health. Proponents claim it can alleviate bloating, abdominal pain, and even improve sleep by simply massaging a few drops of castor oil into the belly button and letting it "do its thing."
Castor Oil: A Closer Look
Castor oil is a thick, odorless oil extracted from pressing the seeds of the castor bean plant. It's rich in ricinoleic acid, an omega-9 fatty acid known for its moisturizing properties. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves castor oil as a stimulant laxative, and it's also found in cosmetics and cleaners. While some castor oil types are intended for ingestion (USP-grade or food-grade), others are solely for cosmetic use on the skin or hair.
A tablespoon of castor oil contains approximately 120 calories, 14 grams of fat, and small amounts of Vitamin E, omega-9, and omega-6 fatty acids.
Claims vs. Science: Does Castor Oil in the Belly Button Work?
Despite the buzz surrounding navel pulling, experts say there's no scientific evidence to support its purported benefits. Claims that castor oil applied topically absorbs into the body and has an effect are not substantiated by research.
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Weight Loss
Social media users have shared experiences of filling their belly buttons with castor oil before bed or applying castor oil-soaked fabric to their abdomens overnight, touting it as a weight loss method. However, experts refute these claims. "Currently, there is no research indicating castor oil as an effective aid to weight loss," says Wohlford.
Detoxification
Some suggest that castor oil compresses can break up tumors, while others use it as a "massive detox," claiming it regulates organ function and removes toxins. However, experts emphasize that the body naturally detoxifies itself through the liver and kidneys. Lopez's team advises that "there’s nothing that we’d recommend to use as a detox strategy beyond living a healthy lifestyle which can include eating well, exercising regularly and sleeping well."
Bloating and Digestion
Proponents of navel pulling claim it improves digestive health by reducing bloating and improving bowel movement regularity. While some individuals may experience relief, Mulvihill notes that any digestion-related benefits likely stem from massaging the belly button and abdomen rather than the castor oil itself. Massaging the belly in a clockwise motion can mimic the colon's natural motility, aiding in moving feces or gas along.
The "Pechoti Gland" Myth
The idea that putting castor oil in the belly button has specific benefits is based on an Ayurvedic treatment suggesting a Pechoti gland near the navel can absorb substances. However, there is no scientific evidence that this gland exists. The belly button is simply a scar from where the umbilical cord was attached.
The Real Benefits of Castor Oil
While navel pulling lacks scientific backing, castor oil does have some legitimate uses:
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Constipation Relief
The only FDA-approved use for castor oil is as a stimulant laxative. When ingested, ricinoleic acid stimulates intestinal contractions, pushing stool through the colon. However, it should only be used short-term and under a doctor's guidance due to its potency.
Skin Moisturizer
Castor oil's high fatty acid content makes it an effective emollient, hydrating the skin and reducing inflammation. It's found in many cosmetics and can be used in its natural form, diluted with another oil to prevent irritation.
Wound Healing
Castor oil possesses antibacterial and antimicrobial properties that may promote wound healing, especially when combined with other ingredients. However, it's recommended for wound care in medical settings rather than for minor cuts or burns at home.
Potential Risks and Side Effects
While rubbing castor oil in the belly button is generally safe, potential side effects of topical application include:
- Rash
- Skin irritation
- Itching
- Clogged pores
- Allergic reaction (contact dermatitis)
It's crucial to perform a patch test before widespread use and avoid applying castor oil to skin with open wounds, cuts, or active irritation.
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Ingesting castor oil can cause abdominal cramps, vomiting, bloating, and dizziness. Vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, babies, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and those with liver or kidney failure, should avoid it.
Safe Practices
If considering navel pulling, prioritize safety:
- Warm castor oil in a glass container placed in a warm water bowl, avoiding microwaves.
- Consult a doctor before use, especially if pregnant, breastfeeding, or have underlying health conditions.
- Choose food-grade castor oil if applying to the skin.
Alternatives for Bloating and Digestive Issues
For those seeking relief from bloating and digestive issues, consider these science-backed alternatives:
- Drink more water.
- Gradually add fiber to your diet.
- Eat smaller, more frequent meals.
- Reduce processed food intake.
- Engage in regular physical activity.
- Consider probiotics from food sources like yogurt.