Sinetrol is a proprietary blend of citrus polyphenols that has been the subject of numerous clinical studies investigating its potential benefits in weight management, metabolic health, and overall well-being. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the findings from these studies, focusing on the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of Sinetrol.
Sinetrol-XPur: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
One notable study investigated the efficacy and safety effects of Sinetrol-XPur, a polyphenolic citrus dry extract, in overweight subjects. The 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involved 95 participants, with 47 receiving Sinetrol-XPur and 48 receiving a placebo. Participants in the Sinetrol-XPur group were given the supplement twice daily with meals.
The results of the study demonstrated significant benefits in the Sinetrol-XPur group compared to the placebo group:
- Reduced Waist and Hip Circumference and Abdominal Fat: The Sinetrol-XPur group experienced a significant decrease in waist circumference (-5.71% vs. -1.56%), hip circumference (-4.71% vs. -1.35%), and abdominal fat (-9.73% vs. -3.18%) compared to the placebo group (p < 0.0001).
- Reduced Inflammatory Markers: Inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (-22.87% vs. +61%) and fibrinogen (-19.93% vs. -1.61%), were significantly reduced in the Sinetrol-XPur group compared to the placebo group (p < 0.01).
- Lowered Oxidative Stress: Oxidative stress was reduced in the Sinetrol-XPur group, as evidenced by the reduction of malondialdehyde (-14.03% vs. 2.76%) and the increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione (17.38% vs. 2.19% and 4.63% vs. -2.36%, respectively, p < 0.01).
Importantly, the study reported no adverse effects associated with Sinetrol-XPur supplementation. Kidney, liver, and lipid panels remained unchanged throughout the trial.
Mechanism of Action: Targeting Adipocytes
Research suggests that Sinetrol's beneficial effects on body composition stem from its ability to act at the adipocyte level. Adipocytes, or fat cells, play a crucial role in energy storage and metabolism. Sinetrol relies on a 2-step mechanism acting during the lipolysis process. Sinetrol mimics the phenotype change from white to beige that occurs within adipose cells.
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- The increased cAMP level induced by Sinetrol promotes higher expression of uncoupling proteins in beige adipose tissue.
- The FFAs released are dissipated as heat rather than restored as adipocytes.
The basal metabolic rate is increased indicating adipose beiging benefits.
Further Clinical Evidence
Beyond the aforementioned study, several other clinical trials have investigated the effects of Sinetrol on various health parameters. These studies include:
- Dallas et al. 2008; Phytomedicine
- Dallas et al. 2013; Phytother. Res.
- Cases et al. 2015; Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr.
- Park et al. 2020; J.
Additionally, mechanistic studies have explored the underlying mechanisms of action of Sinetrol:
- Yoo et al. 2016; J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr
- Lee et al. 2017; J. Korean Soc. Food Sci.
Studies on bioavailability and nutrikinetics have also been conducted:
- Muralidharan J. et al.
Sinetrol® Xpur: An Open Label Study
In an open label study, the effect of Sinetrol® Xpur supplementation on healthy but overweight/obese adults (20-50 yrs) for 16 weeks was evaluated. Participants (n = 20) were randomly allocated to a high dose group (HD, 1800 mg/day) or low dose group (LD, 900 mg/day) of the product for 16 weeks. We observed HDL, HbA1C, LDL and leptin improved significantly over 16 weeks, irrespective of the dosage. There was a trend for decrease in visceral adipose tissue (VAT), BMI over time and body weight displayed a trend for dose dependent decrease. Eubacterium xylanophilum, Ruminococcacea UCG-004 genus which increased in HD and LD respectively were negatively associated to VAT. Overall chronic supplementation of Sinetrol® Xpur, irrespective of their dose improved HDL, HbA1c, LDL and leptin and tended to decrease visceral adipose tissue via changes in gut microbiota.
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The Role of Polyphenols
Sinetrol's efficacy is attributed to its rich composition of citrus flavonoids, which are a type of polyphenol. Polyphenols are natural compounds found in plants that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. They have been shown to play a role in obesity management: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.
Dietary polyphenols interact with gut microbiota: microbial metabolism of polyphenols, influence on the gut microbiota, and implications on host health.
Safety and Considerations
The clinical studies conducted on Sinetrol have generally reported good safety profiles, with no significant adverse effects observed. However, it is important to note the following:
- The information provided in this article is intended for business-to-business communication and is designed for food/dietary supplement professionals, not the general public.
- Individuals with pre-existing medical conditions or those taking medications should consult with a healthcare professional before using Sinetrol or any other dietary supplement.
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