Dr. Paul Saladino, once a staunch advocate for the carnivore diet and author of "The Carnivore Code," has publicly announced his departure from the strict meat-only eating plan. This shift has sparked considerable discussion within the health and wellness community, prompting many to re-evaluate the potential long-term effects and overall sustainability of such a restrictive dietary approach.
Who is Paul Saladino?
Paul Saladino is a double board-certified medical doctor who gained prominence around 2020 with his book, "The Carnivore Code." In it, he argues that humans evolved to thrive on a diet primarily composed of meat, fish, and some dairy. Saladino's advocacy resonated with many seeking an "ancestral diet," tapping into the sentiment that plant-based diets were responsible for modern health issues. He built a significant following, becoming a leading figure in the paleo and keto diet communities. He is also the entrepreneur behind the companies Lineage Provisions and Heart & Soil Supplements which promote animal-based nutrition.
The Rise and Fall of a Carnivore Advocate
Saladino began adhering to a strict carnivore diet around 2018, claiming it cured his autoimmune issues, including asthma and severe eczema. However, around 2022, he began experiencing persistent health problems that prompted him to reconsider his dietary choices. These issues included decreased testosterone levels, disruptions to sleep, heart palpitations, and muscle cramps.
The Reasons Behind the Change
Several factors contributed to Saladino's decision to abandon the carnivore diet:
Nutrient Deficiencies
One of the primary concerns with a strict carnivore diet is the potential for nutrient deficiencies. Registered dietitian and nutritionist Sydney Greene points out that eliminating plants cuts out a massive range of micronutrients crucial for modulating inflammation, immune function, gene expression, and antioxidant activity. A diet lacking variety can lead to deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals.
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Impact on Testosterone Levels
Saladino reported a decline in his testosterone levels after a year and a half on the carnivore diet. While the carnivore diet is high in protein, studies suggest that excessive protein intake (above 35% of total calories) can negatively impact testosterone levels.
Digestive Issues
Meat digestion slows down significantly during sleep. Additionally, many meats contain tyramine, which can cause health problems, including high blood pressure and migraines. Saladino experienced sleep disruptions, including hypnagogic jerks, which he attributed to his meat consumption.
Heart Palpitations
Heart palpitations are a common complaint among those following the carnivore diet. Some suggest it's a temporary adjustment phase as the body adapts to the diet and the sudden decrease in electrolytes. The elimination of carbohydrates leads to lower insulin levels, affecting electrolyte balance.
Muscle Cramps
Saladino experienced muscle cramps, which he realized were due to an imbalance of electrolytes and minerals like potassium, sodium, and magnesium. While carnivores often recommend increasing salt intake and water consumption, severe cramping can significantly impact quality of life.
Elevated LDL Cholesterol
Saladino's advocacy for carnivorism included the claim that high LDL cholesterol isn’t a risk factor for anyone eating a true carnivore diet or ketogenic diet, which simply isn’t true, and more than that, adopting such a view could shorten your life. The scientific consensus remains that elevated LDL is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Of all the reasons to change your carnivore diet, sky high LDL may be the best one.
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Saladino's Current Diet
These days, Saladino's diet still relies heavily on meat and dairy, but he also incorporates fruit and honey. While he continues to avoid grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and most vegetables, this shift represents a significant departure from his previous strict carnivore approach.
The Science Behind Quitting Carnivore
The risks of cutting out plants entirely is that you cut out a massive range of micronutrients that have been seen time and time again to support good health by modulating inflammation, immune function, gene expression and providing antioxidant activity.
The KETO-CTA Study
The KETO-CTA study followed 100 lean, metabolically healthy adults eating a ketogenic diet for one year. The study only enrolled adults who already had very high LDL cholesterol levels and the rate of heart disease was higher than has been observed in cohorts of older type 2 diabetics.
The Controversy Surrounding the Carnivore Diet
Despite Saladino's change of heart, the carnivore diet remains controversial. While some proponents claim it can balance hormones, increase lifespan, and resolve skin and digestive issues, health experts warn that there is little evidence to support these claims.
Potential Benefits
Some individuals report experiencing benefits such as weight loss, improved blood sugar markers, and resolution of skin and digestive issues on the carnivore diet. However, these benefits may not be sustainable long-term and can often be achieved through less restrictive dietary approaches.
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Potential Risks
Health experts like Sydney Greene emphasize that the carnivore diet can lead to vitamin and mineral deficiencies and gastrointestinal issues such as constipation and acid reflux. Furthermore, the long-term effects of the diet on cardiovascular health and overall well-being remain largely unknown.
Lessons Learned
Saladino's journey highlights the importance of:
Evidence-Based Nutrition
Relying on scientific evidence rather than anecdotal claims when making dietary choices.
Individualized Nutrition
Recognizing that no single diet is right for everyone and that individual needs and responses can vary significantly.
Open-Mindedness
Staying informed about the latest research and being willing to adapt one's dietary approach based on new evidence and personal experiences.
Avoiding Dogma
Dogmatism in any direction can be harmful.