Undergoing bariatric surgery is a significant step toward a healthier life, but many patients are surprised to experience hair loss afterward. While concerning, hair loss after bariatric surgery is a common and usually temporary condition. This article explores the causes of hair loss following bariatric surgery, provides practical prevention tips, and discusses available treatment options.
Why Does Hair Loss Occur After Bariatric Surgery?
Hair loss after bariatric surgery is primarily attributed to the stress the surgery places on the body and potential nutrient deficiencies. This abrupt change in diet and rapid weight loss can disrupt the normal hair growth cycle. According to the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, hair loss typically occurs between three and six months following a weight loss procedure.
Telogen Effluvium: The Primary Culprit
The type of hair loss most commonly associated with weight loss surgery is called telogen effluvium. This condition occurs in individuals who have experienced significant weight loss or undergone gastric surgery. Normally, about 90% of hairs are in the anagen (growth) phase, while 10% are in the telogen (resting) phase. Telogen effluvium causes a larger percentage of hairs to enter the telogen phase, leading to increased shedding.
The Role of Nutrient Deficiencies
Bariatric surgery can lead to nutrient deficiencies due to reduced food intake and absorption, further contributing to hair loss. Key nutrients that play a vital role in hair growth include:
- Protein: As the building block of all cells, including hair cells, inadequate protein intake can lead to thinning hair.
- Iron: Iron deficiency is strongly correlated with hair loss. Low ferritin levels, indicative of iron storage in the body, are commonly associated with hair loss.
- Zinc: Zinc plays a crucial role in hair growth and repair. A deficiency in zinc may contribute to hair loss.
- Biotin (Vitamin B7): Biotin is essential for healthy hair growth.
- Folic Acid (Vitamin B9): Low levels of folic acid have been associated with hair loss after bariatric surgery.
- Vitamin B12: While some studies show lower vitamin B12 levels in patients with hair loss, others do not find a therapeutic benefit with biotin supplements.
- Vitamin A, B6, and Essential Fatty Acids: These nutrients also contribute to overall hair health.
Surgical Procedures and Hair Loss
Individuals undergoing gastric sleeve or gastric bypass procedures are more likely to experience hair loss than those who have the Lap Band procedure. This is because gastric bypass and sleeve surgeries often result in more rapid weight loss and a higher prevalence of nutrient deficiencies. The Lap Band procedure, with its gradual weight loss, typically leads to less hair loss.
Read also: Struggling with Low-Carb Weight Loss?
How to Prevent Hair Loss After Bariatric Surgery
While some hair loss may be unavoidable, there are several strategies to minimize it and support healthy hair regrowth:
1. Prioritize Protein Intake
Consume lean protein foods at every meal to meet the recommended daily intake of at least 60 grams. Good sources of lean protein include skinless chicken, lean red meat, grilled/baked fish, low-fat string cheese and cottage cheese, Greek yogurt, beans, protein bars, chia seeds, and flax.
2. Take Your Vitamins
Adhere to a consistent vitamin regimen, starting two weeks before surgery, to prevent nutrient deficiencies. Chewable bariatric multivitamins are essential for maintaining healthy nutrient levels.
3. Monitor Iron Levels
Have your iron levels checked regularly, especially if you continue to experience hair loss seven months after surgery. Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia include fatigue, pale skin, weakness, and an inability to regulate body temperature. Include iron-rich foods in your diet, such as red meat, egg yolks, dark leafy greens, beans/peas/legumes, and iron-enriched cereals.
4. Consider Zinc Supplementation
If hair loss persists despite adequate protein and iron intake, consider adding a zinc supplement to your diet after consulting with your dietitian or doctor.
Read also: Why Your Vegetarian Diet Isn't Working
5. Follow a Well-Balanced Diet
Maintain a nutrient-rich diet to minimize hair loss and support healthy hair growth. Focus on whole foods that provide essential vitamins and minerals.
Treating Hair Loss After Bariatric Surgery
Telogen effluvium associated with bariatric surgery is typically a short-term condition. In most cases, hair loss lasts for about six months. Here are some strategies to manage hair loss and promote regrowth:
1. Camouflage Hair Thinning
Use volumizing shampoos and hair products or avoid products that weigh your hair down to camouflage hair thinning.
2. Consult Your Doctor
If hair loss continues after six months or if you are losing large amounts of hair, consult your doctor to rule out underlying issues and discuss potential treatments.
3. Medications
Some sources recommend using shampoos with ingredients like minoxidil to stimulate hair growth.
Read also: Get Rid of Facial Hair
4. Address Nutritional Deficiencies
Work with your healthcare provider to identify and correct any nutrient deficiencies through diet and supplementation.
5. Be Patient
Remember that hair regrowth takes time. With proper nutrition and care, your hair should grow back as your body adjusts to the changes after surgery.
The Broader Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Health
Bariatric surgery offers numerous health improvements beyond weight loss. Many individuals can reduce or eliminate medications for conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. Sleep apnea symptoms often improve as well.
Mental Health Considerations
Weight loss surgery can significantly improve mental health for many patients. However, it's essential to be aware of a small increase in the risk of suicide following surgery. Comprehensive bariatric programs include psychological evaluations before surgery and counseling services afterward.
Addressing the Root Causes of Obesity
Obesity is a complex disease with many contributing factors. Weight gain generally occurs when calorie intake exceeds calorie expenditure. Obesity can also lead to hormonal changes that further increase the risk of weight gain.
Alcohol Sensitivity After Surgery
Patients may experience increased alcohol sensitivity after weight loss surgery. Alcohol can also take longer to clear out of the system, posing safety and legal hazards.
Bariatric Surgery: A Safe and Effective Option
Weight loss surgery is a safe and effective treatment for severe obesity. Studies show that the risk of death from weight loss surgery is considerably less than most other surgeries. Patients who undergo weight loss surgery have a significant reduction in their risk of death from obesity-related causes.