The carnivore diet, an eating plan consisting entirely of animal products, has garnered attention for its potential benefits, particularly among women. This comprehensive guide explores the carnivore diet for women, examining its principles, potential benefits and risks, and how it may differ from carnivore diets designed for men.
What is the Carnivore Diet?
The carnivore diet is a restrictive diet that includes only meat, fish, and other animal foods like eggs and certain dairy products. It excludes all other foods, including fruits, vegetables, legumes, grains, nuts, and seeds. Proponents of the diet emphasize eating fatty cuts of meat and organ meats like liver. The carnivore diet encourages drinking water and bone broth but discourages drinking tea, coffee, and other drinks made from plants.
The carnivore diet stems from the belief that human ancestral populations ate mostly meat and fish and that high-carb diets are to blame for today’s high rates of chronic disease. While other popular low-carb diets, like the keto and paleo diets, limit but don’t exclude carb intake, the carnivore diet aims for zero carbs.
Carnivore Diet for Females vs. Males
While the basic principles of the carnivore diet remain the same for both men and women, there are specific considerations for women due to differences in body composition, hormonal balance, and nutrient needs. The female body often benefits from a more nuanced approach to nutrition that adapts to life stages, emotional needs, and hormonal fluctuations.
Here are some key differences to consider:
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- Caloric Intake: Men generally have higher caloric needs due to larger body sizes and higher muscle mass. Women may require fewer calories.
- Protein Intake: Muscle mass, activity levels, and age affect protein intake. Women typically have less muscle mass, so they may need lower protein intake than men.
- Nutrient Needs: Women generally need more iron, especially during menstruation.
- Hormonal Considerations: Hormonal differences dictate different nutrient needs.
- Pregnancy: Women have unique nutrient needs during pregnancy and lactation and should consult a healthcare professional before attempting the carnivore diet during pregnancy.
- Fertility Considerations: Some studies suggest a high-protein carnivore diet may affect fertility in women.
What Do Women Eat on the Carnivore Diet?
Both female and male carnivores consume only animal products and avoid plant-based foods. However, the amount, portion, number of meals, and the amount of fat and protein intake may differ.
To have a healthy carnivore diet, women should consider the following points:
- Consume Enough Protein: Protein is necessary to maintain and repair muscles, especially for women doing regular physical activities or resistance training.
- Iron-Rich Foods: Women need more iron reserves due to menstruation, so consuming iron-rich foods like red meat, liver, and organ meats is important to prevent iron deficiency or anemia.
- Bone Health: Women need more calcium to avoid osteoporosis. The carnivore diet is not generally rich in calcium, so supplements may be necessary. Consuming dairy (if tolerated) and seafood is also recommended.
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial for heart health and may help alleviate menstrual symptoms.
Foods to Eat
- Meat: beef, chicken, turkey, lamb, pork, etc.
- Organ meats: Liver, kidney, sweetbread, tripe, heart, brain
- Fish: salmon, mackerel, sardines, crab, lobster, tilapia, herring, etc.
- Other animal products: eggs, lard, bone marrow, bone broth, etc.
- Low-lactose dairy (in small amounts): heavy cream, hard cheese, butter, etc.
- Water
- Salt, pepper, and seasonings with no carbs
Foods to Avoid
- Vegetables: broccoli, cauliflower, potatoes, green beans, peppers, etc.
- Fruits: apples, berries, bananas, kiwi, oranges, etc.
- High-lactose dairy: milk, yogurt, soft cheese, etc.
- Legumes: beans, lentils, etc.
- Nuts and seeds: almonds, pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, pistachios, etc.
- Grains: rice, wheat, bread, quinoa, pasta, etc.
- Alcohol: beer, wine, liquor, etc.
- Sugars: table sugar, maple syrup, brown sugar, etc.
- Beverages other than water: soda, coffee, tea, fruit juice, etc.
How Many Calories Should a Woman Consume on a Carnivore Diet?
Various factors, including age, weight, height, activity level, metabolic rate, and individual health goals, affect a woman’s caloric needs on the carnivore diet, and the number varies among individuals.
To find the proper number of calories needed, consider these steps:
- Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR): BMR shows the number of calories the body needs to carry out basic physiological functions at rest. BMR can be calculated using online tools based on age, weight, height, and gender.
- Physical Activity Level: If you’re more active, you need more calories.
- Goals: Whether you seek weight loss, muscle gain, or other goals, you need different calorie intake to suit your energy expenditure.
Generally, female carnivores can consume about 1,200 to 2,500 calories per day or more, based on the above factors. It’s also important to listen to your body and consult a professional to choose the best number according to your status and targets.
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Is the Carnivore Diet Good for Females?
To decide if the carnivore diet is good for females, we need to go through various factors, some of which are general, but some others are individual. Individual factors differ from person to person and need to be checked separately.
Possible drawbacks of the carnivore diet on women:
- Nutritional Deficiencies: Avoiding plant-based foods may cause nutritional deficiencies in vitamins and minerals in some individuals. However, many of the necessary nutrients can be found in animal products and supplements.
- Sustainability: The limited nature of the carnivore diet may make it challenging to follow in the long term for some women, leading to potential dietary boredom or social challenges.
- Impact on Hormones: More research is needed to find the long-term effects of the carnivore diet on women's hormonal health. Some women may experience hormonal changes, especially if the diet is not adequately balanced.
- Digestive Issues: The sudden shift to a high-protein, low-fiber diet can cause digestive discomfort like constipation or diarrhea in some individuals.
If these issues can be managed and the body status and composition match the basics of this diet, there will probably be no problem going on a female carnivore diet.
Potential Benefits of the Carnivore Diet for Women
The following points are reported by dieters as the general benefits of the carnivore diet for women:
- Weight Loss
- Simplicity
- Improved Mental Clarity
- Satiety
- Individual Success and Health Improvements
Scientific findings about the benefits of the carnivore diet for women:
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- A 2012 study found that a low-carb, high-fat diet like carnivore can help regulate hormones by removing plant-based foods containing phytoestrogens and phytohormones that simulate reproductive hormones.
- A 2004 study indicated that a carnivore-like diet provides cholesterol, which makes necessary hormones like estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone.
- A 2018 study suggested that carnivore diets can decrease the negative effects of high blood glucose on hormones.
- A 2015 study found that carnivore diets provide nutrients regulating reproductive hormones, such as zinc and vitamin D.
- A 2017 review revealed that reducing carbohydrates decreases insulin levels, which can improve hormonal imbalance and resume ovulation.
- A 2021 study indicated that decreasing carbohydrates in a carnivore diet helps lower insulin levels and balance sex hormones.
- A 2018 study found that some carnivore diet foods, including bone broth and blue cheese, can have anti-ageing effects on carnivore dieters, especially women.
- A 2004 study revealed that going on a diet high in fat and low in carbs can help decrease body weight.
- A 2017 study found that healthy sex hormones regulate mood.
- A 2015 study suggested that carnivore-specific foods, such as oysters, steak, and lamb, contain high levels of zinc, which helps skin against damage and ageing.
- A 2021 study found that consuming too much animal protein can delay menopause.
Potential benefits in detail
- Weight Loss: High-protein and low-carb diets can promote weight loss because protein and fat can help you feel more full after meals, which may lead to reduced calorie intake and subsequent weight loss. Protein can also increase your metabolic rate, helping you burn more calories.
- Blood Sugar Control: The carnivore diet can stabilize blood sugar levels by preventing the blood sugar spikes after consuming carbs or sugary foods. Limiting refined carbs and sugary foods is often recommended to control diabetes.
- Improved Mental Health: Some studies connect meat consumption to lower rates of depression and anxiety. Many also talk of achieving greater mental clarity while on a carnivore diet.
Risks and Downsides of the Carnivore Diet for Women
Due to its highly restrictive nature and complete elimination of the majority of food groups, there are many downsides to the carnivore diet.
High in fat, cholesterol, and sodium
Given that the carnivore diet consists solely of animal foods, it can be high in saturated fat and cholesterol. Saturated fat may raise your LDL (bad) cholesterol, which may increase your risk of heart disease. Moreover, some processed meats also contain high amounts of sodium. Eating a lot of these foods on the carnivore diet can lead to excessive sodium intake, which has been linked to an increased risk of high blood pressure, kidney disease, and other negative health outcomes.
May lack certain micronutrients and beneficial plant compounds
The carnivore diet eliminates highly nutritious foods like fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains, all of which contain beneficial vitamins and minerals. While meat is nutritious and provides many micronutrients, it should not be the only part of your diet. Following a restrictive diet like the carnivore diet may lead to deficiencies in some nutrients and the overconsumption of others.
Does not provide fiber
Fiber, a non-digestible carb that promotes gut health and healthy bowel movements, is only found in plant foods. Thus, the carnivore diet contains no fiber, which may lead to constipation as a side effect. Additionally, fiber is incredibly important for the proper balance of bacteria in your gut. In fact, suboptimal gut health can lead to a number of issues and may even be linked to colon cancer.
May not be suited for some populations
The carnivore diet may be especially problematic for certain populations. For example, those who need to limit their protein intake, including people with chronic kidney disease, should not follow the diet. Also, those who are more sensitive to the cholesterol in foods, or cholesterol hyper-responders, should be cautious about consuming so many high-cholesterol foods. Furthermore, certain populations with special nutrient needs would likely not meet them on the carnivore diet. This includes children and people who are pregnant or lactating. Lastly, those who have anxiety about food or a history of disordered eating should not try this diet.
Potential side effects in women
- Changes in menstrual cycles
- Fluctuating energy levels
- Shifts in libido
- Increased cortisol levels
- Mood fluctuations
- Water retention and fat storage
Tips for Starting a Carnivore Diet for Women
Changing to a meat-eater’s way of life may not be easy for everyone. So, it’s necessary to start with enough knowledge to avoid health problems. Here are the most important general points you need to know before going on a female carnivore diet.
- Educate Yourself: Learn as much as possible about the carnivore diet, including its rules, how it works, and its pros and cons.
- Consult with a Healthcare Professional: Have your body checked by a specialist to ensure that your body is ready for the carnivore diet to meet your individual needs on the diet.
- Start Gradually: Do not make drastic changes altogether. Your body needs time to adapt to new situations, and transition takes time, especially if your previous eating habits were so different from meat eating and animal-based foods.
- Choose Quality Sources: Choose high-quality animal-based foods, including grass-fed or pasture-raised meats, wild-caught fish, and organic eggs.
- Protein Intake: Women, especially those physically active, need to consume enough protein to support their energy needs and muscle growth.
- Nutrient Intake: As a woman, you need to consume enough nutrients, including iron and calcium, from different kinds of meats, seafood, and dairy (if tolerated).
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water, as it has various benefits for overall health, digestive system, and brain health.
- Listen to Your Body: Monitor your body’s reactions to dietary changes to avoid challenges and make necessary adjustments.
- Consider Supplements: Going on a carnivore diet means cutting back on various food groups, which may cause deficiencies in some individuals. You may need to take some supplements to meet your body’s needs after consulting a healthcare professional.
- Be Flexible: Everyone's body is unique, and what works for one person may not work for another. Be open to adjustments and modifications to make the most of your dietary experience.
- Choose Quality Sources: Choose high-quality animal-based foods, including grass-fed or pasture-raised meats, wild-caught fish, and organic eggs.
- Protein Intake: Women, especially those physically active, need to consume enough protein to support their energy needs and muscle growth.
- Nutrient Intake: As a woman, you need to consume enough nutrients, including iron and calcium, from different kinds of meats, seafood, and dairy (if tolerated).
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water, as it has various benefits for overall health, digestive system, and brain health.
- Listen to Your Body: Monitor your body’s reactions to dietary changes to avoid challenges and make necessary adjustments.
- Consider Supplements: Going on a carnivore diet means cutting back on various food groups, which may cause deficiencies in some individuals. You may need to take some supplements to meet your body’s needs after consulting a healthcare professional.
- Be Flexible: Everyone's body is unique, and what works for one person may not work for another. Be open to adjustments and modifications to make the most of your dietary experience.
Sample 5-Day Carnivore Diet Meal Plan
Here’s a five-day sample menu for the carnivore diet:
Day 1
- Breakfast: eggs, bacon, sardines
- Lunch: turkey burger patty, salmon jerky, beef tips
- Dinner: filet mignon, crab, chicken liver
- Snacks: a small amount of Parmesan cheese, jerky
Day 2
- Breakfast: shrimp, eggs, a small glass of heavy cream
- Lunch: strip steak, tuna fish, beef jerky
- Dinner: lamb chops, scallops, beef liver
- Snacks: a small amount of hard Cheddar cheese, bone broth
Day 3
- Breakfast: eggs, salmon, turkey sausage
- Lunch: sweetbreads, pork chops, mackerel
- Dinner: turkey burger patty, a small amount of Parmesan cheese, bone marrow
- Snacks: hard-boiled eggs, shrimp
Day 4
- Breakfast: trout, shredded chicken, bacon
- Lunch: beef meatballs, small amount Cheddar cheese, salmon jerky
- Dinner: crab cooked in lard, filet mignon
- Snacks: sardines, beef jerky
Day 5
- Breakfast: eggs, chicken and turkey sausage links
- Lunch: lamb roast, chicken liver, pork chop
- Dinner: flank steak, scallops cooked in butter, a small glass of heavy cream
- Snacks: bone broth, turkey jerky