Carnivore Diet and Weight Gain: Tips and Considerations

The carnivore diet, which focuses solely on animal-based foods, has gained popularity for its claimed health benefits and simplicity. Supporters believe that by excluding plant-based foods, individuals can improve their health, lose weight, and enhance mental clarity. While many people experience significant weight loss when starting a carnivore diet, some hit a weight loss plateau after a while or even gain weight. This article explores the main ideas of the carnivore diet and provides tips for those looking to gain weight while following it.

Understanding the Carnivore Diet

This diet, also known as a zero-carb diet, consists entirely of animal products. These include meat, fish, eggs, and some dairy. The central idea is that humans thrive on an animal-based diet while avoiding all plant foods. This diet draws from ancestral eating practices where humans primarily consumed animal products. Supporters often reference the dietary habits of hunter-gatherers, highlighting the importance of meat.

Unlike veganism or the Mediterranean diet, the carnivore diet excludes all plant foods. The Mediterranean diet encourages a mix of plant-based foods, healthy fats, and lean proteins, and veganism focuses solely on plants, while the carnivore diet emphasizes animal products only.

Foods Allowed

The list of approved foods is short because it only includes animal products. You can eat red meat like steak, burgers, and chuck roast. Chicken, lamb, and pork are also acceptable. Fish like salmon and trout, and seafood such as oysters and clams are on the list. And if you like organ meats such as liver and oxtail, feel free to eat them too. Eggs are acceptable in small amounts. To cook your foods, you’ll use butter, fat tallow, or ghee (a type of clarified butter). Seasonings are about the only part of the diet that allows some variety. Spices like salt, pepper, chili paste, cumin, paprika, and garlic are all allowed.

Foods to Avoid

Any foods that aren’t animal-based are off the table. You can’t eat fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, or seeds. While cheese, as well as other dairy foods like milk and yogurt, are generally allowed, you’re supposed to limit these foods, though, because of their effects on inflammation.

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Benefits and Risks

The carnivore diet has gained attention for potential health benefits. A significant advantage is weight loss and improved body composition. The diet may also positively influence metabolic health and inflammation. Additionally, many followers report enhanced mental clarity and energy. Stabilizing blood sugar and providing a steady nutrient supply may lead to increased focus and energy.

However, this diet raises important considerations and potential health risks. One major concern is the risk of nutritional deficiencies, as this restrictive diet may lead to inadequate intake of essential vitamins and minerals found in plant foods. Another consideration is the long-term sustainability of the diet. Strict adherence to an all-meat regimen can be challenging, affecting social situations and meal variety.

Weight Loss on the Carnivore Diet

Most people lose weight at the start of the carnivore diet, and that’s usually because they’re eating fewer calories overall, feeling fuller from all the protein and fat, and cutting out processed addictive foods. The carnivore diet works much like the keto diet-lots of fat and protein, almost no carbs. Like any diet, it follows the basic rule of weight loss: calories in versus calories out. On a high level, the goal of this severe diet is to eliminate all carbohydrates and shift your body into “ketosis,” where it burns body fat for fuel instead of glucose.

Why Weight Loss Occurs

  • Reduced Calorie Intake: The restrictive nature of the diet naturally limits food choices, often leading to a decrease in overall calorie consumption.
  • Increased Satiety: High protein and fat content promotes fullness, reducing the likelihood of overeating.
  • Elimination of Processed Foods: By cutting out carbs, you’ll speed fat burning and weight loss and you won’t feel hungry.
  • Ketosis: Without carbs, your body will go into ketosis, which is a state where it burns fat instead of glucose for fuel.

Gaining Weight on the Carnivore Diet

Gaining weight on a carnivore diet is absolutely doable. Since this way of eating is built around fat and protein, it naturally supports weight gain when done right. The key is understanding how your body builds mass, how to fuel that process with nutrient-dense animal foods, and how to adjust your eating habits to match your body’s demands.

Strategies for Weight Gain

  1. Prioritize Fat Intake: Fat is a champion when it comes to gaining weight on a carnivore diet. Fat gives you the fuel, but it’s protein that does the building. If you’re trying to gain weight, especially lean muscle, you need to hit your protein goals consistently. Animal fats are rich in calories (9 kcal per gram), so you can increase your calorie intake without eating large portions. Cuts like ribeye, lamb shoulder, pork belly, and added fats like tallow, suet, or marrow are great options to help you get more energy in without the extra volume.
  2. Increase Protein Consumption: Most animal proteins are complete, meaning they contain all the essential amino acids your body needs to repair and grow. To grow muscles, aim for around 0.8 to 1 gram of protein per pound of your goal weight.
  3. Eat More Frequently: If your appetite tends to disappear or you feel full quickly, try eating smaller meals more frequently throughout the day. Instead of the typical two or three meals, think four to five modest meals, or three plus a couple of snacks. That said, give your body some time to digest before bed.
  4. Increase Portion Sizes: Portion size matters. Even small increases like 10 to 20% more per meal can help you gradually move toward your weight goals. And don’t feel pressured to make big changes overnight.
  5. Incorporate Carnivore-Friendly Snacks: Carnivore-friendly snacks can help bridge the calorie gap between meals. Some snack ideas include cheese sticks, hard-boiled eggs, salmon jerky, and sardines.
  6. Strength Training: If you’re trying to put on healthy weight, especially lean muscle, food alone isn’t going to cut it. Yes, you need to eat in a surplus, but what you do with those extra calories matters just as much. Strength training can increase muscle mass. If you want your body to build functional muscle and not just store calories, you’ve got to give it a reason to. Start with the basics. Focus on compound lifts-the kind of movements that hit multiple muscle groups at once. Squats, deadlifts, overhead presses, bench presses, and rows. The key is progressive overload. This means slowly increasing the challenge: add a bit more weight, squeeze out an extra rep, or train with more intention each week.
  7. Optimize Meal Timing: Timing your food around your workouts can make a big difference too. After a strength session, your muscles are primed to absorb nutrients. This is your window. Get in a hearty, protein and fat-rich meal. Post-workout meals matter. A combination of protein and fat is all you really need to kickstart muscle protein synthesis (the process that builds muscle).
  8. Manage Stress: Chronic stress increases cortisol levels, which can mess with digestion and worsen gut issues. It also affects your appetite and sleep quality. Stress affects the hormones that help you build and maintain muscle: testosterone, insulin, thyroid hormones. It’s important to also focus on recovery and keeping your stress levels in check. Start by making sleep a priority-aim for 7 to 9 hours each night.
  9. Avoid Extremes: Overtraining or under-eating because you’re afraid of gaining fat? That’s a fast track to burnout. Don’t underestimate the power of sunshine and simple movement either. In the end, a balanced, healthy nervous system is the foundation of a healthy metabolism.

Sample Menu for Weight Gain

Here’s a sample menu focused on gaining weight while following the carnivore diet:

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Day 1

  • Breakfast: Eggs and bacon cooked in tallow
  • Lunch: Burger patties with added bone marrow
  • Dinner: Ribeye steak with butter, salmon jerky
  • Snacks: Cheese sticks, hard-boiled eggs

Day 2

  • Breakfast: Shrimp, eggs, a small glass of heavy cream
  • Lunch: Strip steak, tuna fish in lard, beef jerky
  • Dinner: Lamb chops, scallops, beef liver
  • Snacks: A small amount of hard Cheddar cheese, bone broth

Day 3

  • Breakfast: Eggs, salmon, turkey sausage
  • Lunch: Sweetbreads, pork chops, mackerel
  • Dinner: Turkey burger patty, a small amount of Parmesan cheese, bone marrow
  • Snacks: Hard-boiled eggs, shrimp

Day 4

  • Breakfast: Trout, shredded chicken, bacon
  • Lunch: Beef meatballs, small amount Cheddar cheese, salmon jerky
  • Dinner: Crab cooked in lard, filet mignon
  • Snacks: Sardines, beef jerky

Day 5

  • Breakfast: Eggs, chicken and turkey sausage links
  • Lunch: Lamb roast, chicken liver, pork chop
  • Dinner: Flank steak, scallops cooked in butter, a small glass of heavy cream
  • Snacks: Bone broth, turkey jerky

Maximizing Nutrient Intake

Choosing high-quality animal products is essential. Incorporating organ meats, such as liver and kidney, can significantly enhance your nutrient intake. These options are rich in vitamins and minerals, providing benefits like increased energy and improved immune function.

Potential Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them

  1. Calorie Deficit: Ensure you are consuming enough calories to support weight gain. Track your intake to make sure you are in a caloric surplus.
  2. Insufficient Fat Intake: Don't be afraid of fats. They are essential for energy and hormone production.
  3. Lack of Variety: While the carnivore diet is restrictive, try to incorporate a variety of meats and animal products to ensure you are getting a range of nutrients.
  4. Ignoring Underlying Issues: Address any underlying health issues or hormonal imbalances that may be hindering weight gain.

Expert Tips for Successful Weight Gain

  1. Consult a Dietitian: A registered dietitian can provide personalized guidance and help you tailor the carnivore diet to your specific needs and goals.
  2. Monitor Progress: Track your weight, body measurements, and overall health to assess the effectiveness of your weight gain strategy.
  3. Be Patient: Gaining weight takes time and consistency. Don't get discouraged if you don't see results immediately.
  4. Listen to Your Body: Pay attention to your body's signals and adjust your diet and exercise routine as needed.

Is the Carnivore Diet Healthy?

Different foods offer different vitamins and nutrients. Eating a variety of foods helps your body get the nutrients it needs to be at its best. Eating only meat and animal-based products can leave your body nutritionally deficient in some areas.

Potential Benefits

  • Weight Loss: Your body uses carbs for energy. If you’re not eating carbs, your body turns to burning body fat for fuel in a process known as ketosis. This can lead to increased metabolism and weight loss.
  • Blood Sugar Management: The carnivore diet can stabilize blood sugar (glucose) levels by preventing the blood sugar spikes after you chow down on carbs or sugary foods.
  • Chronic Disease Control: Research links a high-carb diet - particularly from sugars - to various chronic diseases. Taking your carb count to zero addresses that specific risk factor.
  • Better Mental Health: Some studies connect meat consumption to lower rates of depression and anxiety. Many also talk of achieving greater mental clarity while on a carnivore diet.

Potential Risks

Going to a meat-based diet can bring side effects that negatively affect your health. Issues include:

  • Heart Disease: The carnivore diet is high in saturated fats that can raise your “bad cholesterol” (LDL) levels and put you at higher risk for heart disease. The American Heart Association recommends limiting red meat to protect your ticker.
  • Cancer: Eating large amounts of red meat has been linked to increased risk for colorectal cancer, which can be divided into colon cancer and rectal cancer, as well as several other types of cancer.
  • Digestive Problems: Meat takes longer to digest, and slowing down that process can lead to constipation. Plus, the carnivore diet lacks fiber to help keep things moving along.
  • Muscle Cramps: The lack of key nutrients in a meat-based diet can lead to electrolyte imbalances that cause muscle cramps, as well as dizziness, fatigue and general weakness.
  • Kidney Function: Eating a diet high in animal protein can place added stress on your kidneys, which may affect their long-term filtering function. Eating more meat also may contribute to kidney stone formation.

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