Chadwick Boseman's Weight Loss: Understanding the Causes and Context

Chadwick Aaron Boseman, an acclaimed American actor celebrated for his roles in both blockbuster and independent films, passed away on August 28, 2020, at the age of 43, after a private four-year battle with colon cancer. His death sparked widespread grief and reflection on his remarkable career and the impact he had on the African American community. Among the discussions surrounding his passing, the subject of his weight loss in the years leading up to his death became a topic of public interest and speculation. This article aims to explore the potential causes of Chadwick Boseman's weight loss, the context surrounding it, and the broader implications of public perception and body image.

Chadwick Boseman: A Legacy of Groundbreaking Performances

Born on November 29, 1976, in South Carolina, Chadwick Boseman left an indelible mark on the entertainment industry. He studied directing at Howard University and began his career in theatre. Boseman won a Drama League Directing Fellowship and an acting AUDELCO, along with receiving a Jeff Award nomination for his 2005 play Deep Azure. Transitioning to the screen, his first major role was as a series regular on the NBC drama Persons Unknown (2010) and he landed his breakthrough role as baseball player Jackie Robinson in 42 (2013). Boseman achieved international fame for playing the Marvel Comics superhero T'Challa (Black Panther) in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) from 2016 to 2019. He appeared in four MCU films, including an eponymous 2018 film. As the first Black actor to headline an MCU film, he was also named in the 2018 Time 100. Boseman's final performance as the character in the Disney+ anthology series What If…? His portrayal of iconic figures such as Jackie Robinson in "42," James Brown in "Get on Up," and Thurgood Marshall in "Marshall," along with his groundbreaking role as T'Challa/Black Panther in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, solidified his status as a versatile and influential actor.

Boseman's commitment to his craft and his dedication to portraying complex and meaningful characters earned him numerous accolades, including a Golden Globe Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, and a Primetime Emmy Award, in addition to nominations for an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award. Beyond his acting achievements, Boseman was also recognized for his work as a playwright and director, showcasing his multifaceted talent and passion for storytelling.

The Public's Observation of Boseman's Weight Loss

In the years leading up to his death, Chadwick Boseman experienced noticeable weight loss, which prompted speculation and commentary from fans and media outlets. Images of the actor looking visibly thinner than his muscular "Black Panther" physique circulated online, leading to a range of reactions, from concern about his health to insensitive remarks and body shaming.

Some fans expressed genuine concern for Boseman's well-being, wondering if he was facing health challenges. Others, however, made assumptions about his weight loss, attributing it to lifestyle choices or even drug use. This highlights a broader issue of how society often judges and comments on people's bodies without knowing the full story.

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As Coffey said, "The fact that Boseman had been criticized for his weight loss speaks to how superficially most people view others when their sole basis for judgment is the images they see online," Coffey said. "It's up to us to remember that what we see doesn't represent anything close to the whole story. It's a myth that weight gain, or loss, is automatically better or worse for health. That doesn't stop people from making frequent jokes or jabs about weight online, however. Boseman faced criticism for losing weight from his muscular Black Panther appearance, highlighting how being perceived as too skinny or small can be one source of shaming, particularly for men. But weight gain can be subject to even more stigma. Even famously-ripped actor Jason Momoa was body-shamed for appearing in public without his signature six-pack abs. A muscular, lean physique is one of many idealized body images that can be unrealistic for most people, requiring good genes and a lot of work to achieve and sustain. Both losing and gaining weight could be related to a variety of mental health issues or physical illnesses. As a result, well-meaning compliments about someone's weight changes could be embarrassing if it was unintentional and something the person is self-conscious about."

Colon Cancer and Weight Loss: The Underlying Cause

It was later revealed that Chadwick Boseman had been diagnosed with stage III colon cancer in 2016, which progressed to stage IV before 2020. He kept his condition private, continuing to act until his death from the illness in 2020. Colon cancer, like many other forms of cancer, can lead to weight loss as a result of several factors:

  • Metabolic Changes: Cancer cells can alter the body's metabolism, leading to increased energy expenditure and decreased appetite.
  • Treatment Side Effects: Chemotherapy and radiation therapy, common treatments for colon cancer, can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite, further contributing to weight loss.
  • Malabsorption: Colon cancer can interfere with the body's ability to absorb nutrients from food, leading to malnutrition and weight loss.

In Boseman's case, his weight loss was a direct consequence of his battle with colon cancer and the associated treatments. It is important to remember that weight loss can be a symptom of serious underlying health conditions and should not be dismissed or attributed solely to lifestyle choices.

Colon Cancer: An Increasing Threat to Young Adults

Chadwick Boseman's death also brought attention to the rising rates of colon cancer among young adults. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention show that colon cancer diagnoses increased nearly 2.7% and deaths increased 1.3% from 2012 to 2016, though these rates declined more than 2.5% among patients 65 and older. This year, the American Cancer Society estimates that 12% of all new colon cancer cases - approximately 18,000 people - will be diagnosed in patients younger than 50. are expected to be in patients younger than 50. This is an alarming forecast when compared with the rates of 4% and 9% for colon and rectal cancer, respectively, from just 10 years ago.

Several factors may contribute to this trend, including:

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  • Lifestyle Factors: Diet, obesity, smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption have been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
  • Genetic Predisposition: Up to 35% of people who develop cancer before age 50 have genetic mutations, compared to 3% to 5% of all colorectal cases. These numbers suggest that genetics are affecting younger patients much more than older patients, but we need more research to say for sure. Two common forms of genetic conditions we see in colorectal cancer patients include familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), which is when hundreds of polyps cover the inner lining of the colon, and Lynch syndrome, which is a non-polyposis syndrome that increases risk of developing colorectal cancer and other malignancies.
  • Delayed Diagnosis: Younger adults may be less likely to be screened for colon cancer and may attribute symptoms to less serious conditions, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment.

Risk Factors and Prevention

While there is no single cause of colon cancer, several risk factors have been identified:

  • Age: Although colon cancer is increasingly affecting younger adults, the risk still increases with age.
  • Family History: A family history of colon cancer or polyps increases the risk of developing the disease.
  • Diet: A low-fiber diet that’s high in animal protein and red meat can also increase colon cancer risk.
  • Obesity: Obesity and excess body fat have been shown to be associated with increased incidence of colorectal cancer. Moreover, a recent study has shown that excess body fat at an early age might be associated with colon cancer risk later in life.
  • Smoking: Studies show that individuals who smoke for long periods of time are more likely than non-smokers to develop colorectal cancer.
  • Heavy Alcohol Consumption: Heavy alcohol consumption, or more than two drinks per day for men and one drink per day for women, is another important risk factor for colorectal cancer.
  • Ulcerative Colitis: Patients who have ulcerative colitis are at higher risk of colorectal cancer in comparison to the general population.

Preventive measures include:

  • Regular Screenings: As of May 2018, the American Cancer Society’s recommendation was people at average risk start screenings at age 45 - just two years past Boseman's age at the time of his death.
  • Healthy Diet: Consuming a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce the risk of colon cancer.
  • Maintaining a Healthy Weight: Maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise can also lower the risk.
  • Avoiding Smoking and Excessive Alcohol Consumption: Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol intake can further reduce the risk.

The Importance of Compassion and Understanding

Chadwick Boseman's experience highlights the importance of approaching discussions about weight and body image with compassion and understanding. It is crucial to avoid making assumptions or judgments about someone's health based on their appearance. Instead, we should strive to create a culture of support and empathy, where individuals feel comfortable seeking help and sharing their struggles without fear of stigma or ridicule.

As Coffey said, "It's possible to be aware that weight stigma exists in society and it's wrong while remembering that you love your friend unconditionally at all sizes and with any self-care habits," she said. "I would consider asking yourself: 'Why must I say something about weight loss and what do I hope will happen as a result of the conversation?'" she said. "Ask them what they doing, how they're feeling, and then celebrate whatever thing they express pride in," she said. "The only person's body, story, history, and circumstances that we can possibly judge honestly is our own."

Boseman's Enduring Legacy

Despite his untimely death, Chadwick Boseman's legacy continues to inspire and uplift. His performances on screen, his dedication to his craft, and his advocacy for social justice have left an indelible mark on the world. As the Black Panther, Boseman led a predominantly black cast in a major blockbuster for the first time; Variety said that "the significance of Chadwick Boseman […] to the African American and Black community is immeasurable." Further expressing the weight of Boseman's legacy, Robert Daniels wrote for Vulture that "his performance [as T'Challa] wouldn't just be a demonstration of craft […] It'd become a piece of history.

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His courage and grace in the face of adversity serve as a reminder to us all to live each day to the fullest and to pursue our passions with unwavering determination.

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